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Orindatus Simon Bolivar Wall, known as O.S.B. Wall, was the son of a white North Carolina planter, Colonel Stephen Wall, and his slave, Priscilla, who, during the American Civil War, became the first black man to be commissioned as captain in the Regular U.S. Army.〔http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/osbwall.htm〕 Stephen Wall and Priscilla had four children: O.S.B., Napoleon, Caroline Matilda, and Benjamin Franklin Wall. Priscilla's sister Jane had one child with Stephen Wall as well, Sara (Sarah in some records) Kelly Wall. Stephen Wall also had two sons, John and Albert Wall, with another enslaved woman, Rody.〔Daniel J. Sharfstein, ''The Invisible Line: Three American Families and the Journey from Black to White,'' New York: Penguin Press (2011); 28-9.〕 In 1838, Stephen Wall freed O.S.B., Napoleon, Caroline, Benjamin, and Sara, and sent them to live in the Quaker settlement of Harveysburg, Ohio, trusting $1,000 for each child to their guardian, Nathan Dix. Their younger half-brothers, John and Albert, would join them in 1845 after Stephen Wall's death.〔William Bigglestone, ''They Stopped in Oberlin: Black Residents and Visitors in the Nineteenth Century.'' Oberlin, Ohio: Gertrude F. Jacob Publication Fund, Oberlin College (reprint 2002), 206-8; Sharfstein, ''The Invisible Line'', 34-7.〕 Wall attended Oberlin College, established a successful footwear business in the town of Oberlin, Ohio and then read law under John M. Langston, who had married Wall's sister Caroline in 1854.〔John Mercer Langston, (From the Virginia Plantation to the National Capitol ), American Publishing Company (1894), 142-3.〕 Wall was arrested and prosecuted for his part in the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue.〔Jacob Shipherd, (''History of the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue'' ) (1859), 6.〕 After the Civil War, he played an active role in Reconstruction, practiced law in Washington, D.C., and served as a magistrate.〔The Invisible Line, interview with Daniel J. Sharfstein, Late Night Live, ABC Radio National, June 14, 2011〕 He and his wife Amanda Ann Thomas had five children who survived to adulthood. However, within a few years of their father’s death, they began to cut their ties to the black community and identify as white.〔(Orindatus Simon Bolivar Wall. A hero of African-American history whose story is forgotten because his descendants decided they were white ) By Daniel J. Sharfstein. Slate (magazine). Feb. 22, 2011〕 The following excerpt from a letter sent by Wall to General Rufus Saxton while both were stationed in Charleston, S.C., gives a flavor of the cruel treatment that former slaves sometimes faced from their 'liberators' in the Union military: (Spelling etc. as in original document). ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Orindatus Simon Bolivar Wall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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